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How to cope with losing a pet

How to cope with losing a pet

When I first wrote this article in 2025, our dog Molly had died not long before. She was active and clever, and seemed to be in excellent health. Her death came unexpectedly, from one day to the next. We still think of her in the small moments of everyday life.

The human-animal bond

For many people, a companion animal is a constant presence and an important bond of affection. They may be part of daily routines, offer companionship and hold a special place in the family, without any need to compare that bond with other relationships.[1] In Portugal, the Directorate-General for Food and Veterinary Affairs reported around four million animals registered in the SIAC in 2025.[2]

Pet bereavement

When that animal dies, the loss can bring profound distress. Yet it is not always recognised: some people are told it was “just an animal” and stop talking about how they feel. A review bringing together 78 studies from several countries confirms the importance of this grief and challenges the idea that it should be treated as an illegitimate loss. What may be missing is recognition from others, not legitimacy in the relationship that has ended.[3]

People also find different ways of coping with the loss. Some want to talk about it; others need time alone, and both may happen on the same day. Neither response is, in itself, right or wrong.[4] When someone close listens without diminishing what happened, it becomes easier to make room for the sense of loss. By contrast, feeling that the pain must be hidden can add loneliness to grief.[3]

Not every farewell arrives in the same way. In our case, Molly's death was sudden. When an animal grows old or becomes ill, worry and sadness may begin before the death, while the person is still providing care and making decisions. A study of people caring for older dogs linked this anticipatory grief to the burden of care and the closeness of the bond. Knowing that death is approaching does not necessarily make the farewell easier.[5]

A review of qualitative studies shows that some people experience the death of an animal with an intensity similar to other significant losses. Alongside the animal's absence come changes in routine, doubts about decisions made near the end of life and, sometimes, guilt.[1] A study published in 2026 also found cases of intense, persistent distress. This does not mean everyone has the same experience, but it is a reminder that this loss may warrant clinical support.[6]

Guilt can bring difficult questions: “Should I have noticed sooner?” “Did I make the right decision?” Someone who accompanied an illness may question treatments or euthanasia; someone taken by surprise may search for signs they missed. There is not always an answer that makes these doubts disappear. In a study on animals' end of life, taking part in decisions and receiving empathetic communication from the vet were associated with less guilt and regret.[7] Speaking with the vet again about what happened may help place those decisions in the context of the information available at the time.

There is a difference between remembering what happened and becoming trapped in the question “what if I had done something else?”. You do not have to forbid that thought or demand a final answer from yourself. It may be more helpful to notice how harshly you are judging yourself and find someone you can speak to without fear of criticism. A study of recently bereaved pet owners associated self-compassion with the way they coped with distress, particularly when they felt unable to express their loss.[8]

The loss is also felt in ordinary moments: coming home to find the animal is no longer waiting at the door, or noticing the silence at walking time. What is missed may be not only the companionship, but also the place that relationship occupied in each day. A routine that once seemed ordinary can therefore be hard to resume. It can be kept, changed or set aside for a while; none of these choices measures how much the animal was loved.[1]

Making room for memory

Remembering does not necessarily mean being stuck in the past. Keeping a photograph, telling stories or creating a small ritual can help some people find a place for that relationship after the animal has died. Research calls these ways of remembering “continuing bonds”; for others, they may intensify the pain.[9] Nor is a ritual necessary in order to grieve well: one study found no relationship between the number or type of memorials and psychological growth after the loss.[10] What matters is noticing what helps at a given moment, without pressure to “get over” the loss quickly.

If you are going through this loss, these suggestions may help. There is no set timetable or one right way to grieve.[11]

  1. 1. Respect your own pace. Your bond with the animal, earlier losses and the support around you may all shape how you feel. You may want to keep their toys and bowls for a while, or you may prefer to put them away. You do not have to make every decision in the first few days. You can return to them when you feel ready.
  2. 2. Take care of yourself too. Sadness can affect sleep, appetite and energy. As far as you can, try to keep up meals, rest and some activity, even if your routine feels different for a while. Talking about how you feel with someone you trust may ease the loneliness; you do not need to explain why the bond mattered.[11]
  3. 3. Do not rush a decision about another animal. You may want another companion in weeks, months or years, or you may not want one at all. A new animal cannot replace the one you lost, and the decision need not follow anyone else's expectations.[9]
  4. 4. Rework routines in your own way. Perhaps you miss that daily walk. You can keep it, take a different route or find another activity. If the walk was also a time for exercise or social contact, consider how you might keep that part of your day.
  5. 5. Ask for support when you need it. You might begin by talking to someone who knew how important your animal was to you. If your distress is intense, persists or makes daily life difficult, speak to a mental health professional. You do not have to wait for a particular length of time or justify why this loss hurts so much.[11]

Revised on 22 September 2026.

References

  1. Cleary, M., West, S., Thapa, D. K., Westman, M., Vesk, K., & Kornhaber, R. (2022). Grieving the loss of a pet: A qualitative systematic review. Death Studies, 46(9), 2167–2178.
  2. Direção-Geral de Alimentação e Veterinária. (2025). Documento de Identificação do Animal de Companhia já disponível na app gov.pt.
  3. Alves, A. F. R., & Scorsolini-Comin, F. (2025). Grief for the loss of a pet: A scoping review on the grief of dog and cat owners. Journal of Humanistic Psychology. Advance online publication.
  4. Park, R. M., Royal, K. D., & Gruen, M. E. (2023). A literature review: Pet bereavement and coping mechanisms. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science, 26(3), 285–299.
  5. Taylor, T. L., Tuke, J., & Hazel, S. J. (2025). ‘With great love comes great grief’: Exploring anticipatory grief and canine cognitive dysfunction. Veterinary Record. Advance online publication.
  6. Hyland, P. (2026). No pets allowed: Evidence that prolonged grief disorder can occur following the death of a pet. PLOS ONE, 21(1), e0339213.
  7. Testoni, I., De Cataldo, L., Ronconi, L., Colombo, E. S., Stefanini, C., Dal Zotto, B., & Zamperini, A. (2019). Pet grief: Tools to assess owners’ bereavement and veterinary communication skills. Animals, 9(2), 67.
  8. Bussolari, C., Habarth, J. M., Phillips, S., Katz, R., & Packman, W. (2021). Self-compassion, social constraints, and psychosocial outcomes in a pet bereavement sample. OMEGA: Journal of Death and Dying, 82(3), 389–408.
  9. Hughes, B., & Lewis Harkin, B. (2025). The impact of continuing bonds between pet owners and their pets following the death of their pet: A systematic narrative synthesis. OMEGA: Journal of Death and Dying, 90(4), 1666–1684.
  10. Spain, B., O’Dwyer, L., & Moston, S. (2019). Pet loss: Understanding disenfranchised grief, memorial use, and posttraumatic growth. Anthrozoös, 32(4), 555–568.
  11. Ordem dos Psicólogos Portugueses. (n.d.). Luto: fact sheet.

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Wilson Ferreira Santos is a psychologist registered with the Portuguese Psychologists Association, professional licence no. 25219.

These texts sit alongside a clinical practice centred on a careful and humane reading of psychological experience.

When the loss of an animal is hard to explain to others

If this grief has been lived with loneliness, guilt or incomprehension, there can be room to think about it carefully, without diminishing it.